The Effectiveness of Traditional Tug of War Game in Improving Arm Muscle Strength of Elementary School Students at SD Telkom Makassar
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26858/cjpko.v17i3.486Keywords:
Traditional Tug; Game; Arm Muscle Strength; StudentsAbstract
This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the traditional tug of war game in improving arm muscle strength among elementary school students at SD Telkom Makassar. A quasi-experimental research design with pretest-posttest control group was employed, involving 60 students divided into experimental and control groups of 30 students each. The experimental group participated in tug of war activities twice weekly for eight weeks, while the control group engaged in conventional physical education exercises. Arm muscle strength was measured using a hand dynamometer before and after the intervention period. The results demonstrated that the experimental group showed a significant increase in arm muscle strength with a mean difference of 8.73 kg (p < 0.001), while the control group exhibited a minimal improvement of 1.54 kg. The effect size analysis revealed a large Cohen's d value of 1.24, indicating substantial practical significance. These findings suggest that traditional tug of war games are an effective and engaging approach to enhance arm muscle strength in elementary school children, offering an alternative method to conventional physical education programs.[ The study concludes that integration of traditional games into school physical education curriculum can provide both physical benefits and cultural preservation.
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